Section 1 Part of Speech

by Syamsul Maarif, SS

The first step to learn language we have to understand the eight of parts of speech. These are:
1. Noun is a word used to name or identity any of a class of things, people, places or ideas, or a particular one of these. We usually call “Kata Benda”.
Base on the number, noun can be divided into two parts :
A. Countable Noun
Examples :
A head, dictionaries, eyes, an arm, children, a doctor, an apothecary, etc.
In this part we can use the word; one, two, a few, and many.
For examples : one finger, two eyes, a few books, many patients, etc.
B. Uncountable Noun
Examples:
Ink, wood, water, milk, rice, money, etc.
It can use: much, a little, little, some.
For examples: much money, a little sugar, little salt, some wood, etc.
A few uncountable nouns can use the unit word like; a glass of tea, a cup of coffee, two sacks of rice.
Both countable and uncountable noun they have meaning in Indonesia “beberapa”.
We use some in question statement it shows that we feel sure that someone is asked will answer it by “yes”
For example:
Do you have some books? (Question)
Yes, I have some books. (Positive)
Meanwhile the using of any is accustomed to in a question and negative statement. In positive statement we may use “any” by adding “one” or “body” (any body or any one mean “siapa”).
For examples:
Do you need any pens? (Question)
No, I don’t need any pens. (Negative)
Any one can help you here. (Positive)
Some and any are used in uncountable noun by the meaning “sedikit”. See the examples:
Do you have any oil?
Yes, I have some oil.
No, I don’t have any oil.
And noun based in the forms ha divided into both singular and plural forms. The plural form generally has been from the singular by adding “s” or “es”.

For examples:
Singular Plural
A hair → hairs A box → Boxes
An hour → Hour A cloth → Clothes
A veil → Veils A mango → Mangoes
An umbrella→ Umbrellas A glass → Glasses
A joy → Joys A Dictionary → Dictionaries
A day → Days A Glossary → Glossaries
A boy → boy A university → Universities
A toy → toys A pharmacy → Pharmacies

Test I
Attend these examples below:
A dog I an animal
A potato is a vegetable
A student is not always good
A chair is made of wood
A husband I man
A pencil I like a pen
An eye is blue or brown
A fish can swim
A cow gives milk
A picture is pretty
A room is a bedroom, a sitting room or dining room.
A garden has a tree.
A teacher is a man or woman
Command
1. Collect them based on the kind of articles (a or an)
2. Mention the uncountable noun above
3. Put into the plural